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Title: Navigating Our Way to Solutions in Marine Conservation

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dc:title Navigating Our Way to Solutions in Marine Conservation
dc:creator Larry B. Crowder (Ed.)
dc:rights ©2025 Larry B. Crowder. Copyright of individual chapters is maintained by the chapter’s authors. CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
dc:identifier calibre:163 | uuid:f3b133b2-e684-4c6c-b372-b1b6e58f9203 | urn:uuid:bb9c13a8-6ab9-4b44-b740-3906780c370b
dc:language en-GB
dc:date 2025-01-29T16:47:31+00:00
dc:description Navigating Our Way reflects the broader insights and diverse voices revolutionizing marine conservation. This volume brings together an array of scholars, practitioners, and experts from multiple fields, creating a network of trans-disciplinary and multi-cultural perspectives to address the complex problems in marine conservation. 
 
Larry B. Crowder, a leading voice in the field, has curated contributions on a wide range of topics, including critically endangered species in the Bahamas, Argentinian penguins, and the ecosystems of our coral reefs. The book delves deeply into human relationships with nature, the development of climate-smart solutions, and the governance of collective action. 
 
Committed to inclusivity, this volume also includes conversations across the disciplines of natural sciences, social sciences, and governance, incorporating both Western and Indigenous knowledge traditions. This volume is highly relevant to marine conservation scholars, practitioners, managers, and students, and anyone interested in preserving our marine environment.
dc:subject Marine conservation;Trans-disciplinary;Indigenous knowledge;Climate-smart solutions;Ecosystems;Governance
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schema:accessibilitySummary This publication conforms to WCAG 2.0 AA.
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Outlines

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TOC Outline

  1. Cover
  2. Title page
  3. Copyright
  4. Contents
  5. Acknowledgements
  6. Foreword
  7. Navigating our way to solutions in marine conservation: An introduction
  8. Diverse approaches to species conservation
  9. 1. Conserving penguins via land and sea protection
  10. 2. Conservation as a marathon vs. a sprint: The race to save critically endangered Nassau grouper in the Bahamas
  11. 3. Goliath grouper Epinephelus itajara conservation in Cuba: A protected area, ecotourism and fisheries effort
  12. 4. New approaches to conserving endangered sea turtles
  13. Interdisciplinary approaches to marine ecosystems
  14. 5. Climate change impacts on the fisheries and aquaculture sectors with a focus on Malaysia
  15. 6. Mainstreaming voluntary marine conservation programs: Insights from TURF-Reserves
  16. 7. Leadership in the global commons: Protecting the Ross Sea, Antarctica
  17. 8. Marine spatial planning in the age of climate change
  18. Innovative Pathways to Solutions
  19. 9. Exploring how place connections support sustainability solutions in marine socio-ecological systems
  20. 10. A brief conservationist’s guide to self-governance with illustrations from small-scale fisheries
  21. 11. Trait-based tools aid conservation planning for predator range shifts
  22. 12. Modern marine conservation using environmental nucleic acids (eDNA and eRNA)
  23. 13. Building the scientific and analytical framework for Dynamic Ocean Management
  24. 14. Power, politics, and culture: The human dimensions of marine conservation technology
  25. 15. Indigenous leadership is essential to conservation: Examples from coastal British Columbia
  26. 16. A conservation practitioner’s guide to using a human-rights-based approach: applications in small-scale fisheries
  27. 17. Blue Justice principles for small-scale fisheries in marine protected areas
  28. 18. Advancing youth-led movements for the ocean is essential
  29. 19. Recruiting, retaining and championing women, LGBTQ+, and POC researchers in marine conservation
  30. 20. Building equal partnerships for conservation success
  31. 21. Diversity in marine science
  32. 22. The Small Island Developing States (SIDS) science/policy/business nexus
  33. 23. Strengthening NGO networks and capacity building for ocean sustainability in China
  34. 24. ConclusionBuilding a new global vision for marine conservation: Inspiration, networking and capacity sharing
  35. Index
  36. About the team
  37. This book need not end here…
  38. You may also be interested in:
  39. Back cover

Headings Outline

  • Contents
  • Acknowledgements
    • Larry B. Crowder
  • Foreword
    • Kai N. Lee
  • Navigating our way to solutions in marine conservation: An introduction
    • Larry B. Crowder1
    • Acknowledgements
    • References
  • Diverse approaches to species conservation
    • Biodiversity and species conservation
  • 1. Conserving penguins via land and sea protection
    • Pablo Garcia Borboroglu1 and Laura M. Reyes
    • Case studies
      • The power of the social fabric: The Punta Tombo management plan case
      • When opportunity knocks at your door: A marine protected area for Punta Tombo and the magic of Mickey Mouse
      • El Pedral: The power of the few
      • Complejo Islote Lobos National Park: Redefining identity and the sense of ownership in an industrial mining town
    • Conclusions and lessons learned
    • References
  • 2. Conservation as a marathon vs. a sprint: The race to save critically endangered Nassau grouper in the Bahamas
    • Krista D. Sherman1
    • Nassau grouper PSA2
    • References
  • 3. Goliath grouper Epinephelus itajara conservation in Cuba: A protected area, ecotourism and fisheries effort
    • Fabián Pina Amargós,1 Tamara Figueredo Martín, and Yunier Olivera Espinosa
    • Information about goliath grouper: quantitative and qualitative
    • Movements outside the spawning aggregation site
    • Dynamics at the spawning aggregation site
    • Fisheries information at the spawning aggregation site
    • History of goliath grouper conservation in Cuba
    • Closing remarks
    • Acknowledgements
    • Supplementary section
      • Quantitative data analysis
    • References
  • 4. New approaches to conserving endangered sea turtles
    • Dana K. Briscoe,1 Bianca S. Santos, Calandra N. Turner Tomaszewicz, and Larry B. Crowder
    • Innovations: Advancements in technology and monitoring capabilities
      • Tagging technology and biologging capabilities
      • Coupling environmental data, ocean physics, and computer simulations to simulate sea turtle movements and strandings
      • Advanced data collection and computation
      • Understanding neonate survival from land to sea
    • Development of novel genetic and molecular techniques
      • Genomic applications for at-sea life stages
      • Using chemical tracers
      • Evolving molecular techniques
    • Understanding at-sea threats and applications for conservation
      • Plastic ingestion threats
      • Bycatch threats and reduction technologies
      • Decision-support tools and dynamic management approaches
      • Climate impacts and a changing ocean
    • Limitations
    • Conclusions
    • References
      • Supplemental Bibliography
      • Additional References for Sections 1.1 and 1.2
        • Innovations: Advancements in Technology & Monitoring Capabilities
        • Tagging technology and biologging capabilities
        • Coupling environmental data, ocean physics, and computer simulations to simulate sea turtle movements and strandings
  • Interdisciplinary approaches to marine ecosystems
  • 5. Climate change impacts on the fisheries and aquaculture sectors with a focus on Malaysia
    • Lubna Alam,1 Mazlin Bin Mokhtar, and Ussif Rashid Sumaila
    • Climate change impacts on fish species
    • Climate change impacts on fisheries, food security and livelihoods
    • Malaysia’s fisheries and aquaculture sectors
    • Climate change impacts on Malaysia
    • Climate change impacts and adaptations in the fisheries sector in Malaysia
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 6. Mainstreaming voluntary marine conservation programs: Insights from TURF-Reserves
    • Stefan Gelcich,1 C. Josh Donlan, Benjamin Lagos, Rodrigo Sanchez Grez, and Rodrigo A. Estévez
    • Niche innovation: TURF-reserve
      • Enabling conditions
      • Scalability and sustainability
      • Mainstreaming and institutionalizing a new program
      • Application of the heuristic: The Chilean TURF-reserve pilot
    • Conclusion
    • Acknowledgements
    • References
  • 7. Leadership in the global commons: Protecting the Ross Sea, Antarctica
    • Cassandra Brooks1 and John Weller
    • Positionality statement
    • Antarctic governance
    • Increasing threat: Moving towards Southern Ocean MPAs
    • The Ross Sea
    • Building consensus
    • Stepping outside the room
    • A political window of opportunity
    • Looking forward
    • References
  • 8. Marine spatial planning in the age of climate change
    • Catarina Frazão Santos,1 Tundi Agardy, and Elena Gissi
    • Making ocean use truly sustainable
    • Combined effects of climate change on marine ecosystems, ocean uses and ocean planning
    • Moving towards adaptive, climate-smart MSP
    • Final considerations
    • Acknowledgements
    • References
  • Innovative Pathways to Solutions
  • 9. Exploring how place connections support sustainability solutions in marine socio-ecological systems
    • Nicole M. Ardoin,1 Ryan J. O’Connor, Alison W. Bowers
    • Research on place connections in marine conservation
    • Tapping into the power of place in marine environments
    • Implications for research and practice
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 10. A brief conservationist’s guide to self-governance with illustrations from small-scale fisheries
    • Xavier Basurto1
    • What is—and is not—self-governance
    • Emergence, robustness, and the configurational nature of self-governance
    • Incorporating multi-level governance concerns
    • The motivations to self-govern
    • Conservation and small-scale fisheries
    • What are the most dominant forms of self-governance in small-scale fisheries?
    • Takeaways for conservation science and practice
      • i. Local users have an unparalleled vantage point to engage in rule-making and management practices well-adapted to the biophysical and cultural setting
      • ii. Self-organized systems are vulnerable to success and collapse without multi-level institutional support
      • iii. The form self-governance takes matters for conservation
    • References
  • 11. Trait-based tools aid conservation planning for predator range shifts
    • Stephanie J. Green1
    • Causes and consequences of predator range shifts
    • Forecasting predator redistribution is essential but challenging
    • Trait-based approaches to predator-prey interactions
    • Applying trait analyses to predator conservation and management
    • Case study 1: Anticipating impacts from invasive Indo-Pacific lionfish to inform early detection and population control
    • Case Study 2: Estimating climate-driven shifts in albacore tuna to inform cross-jurisdictional fisheries management
      • Case study analysis created with Dr. Miram Gleiber
    • Challenges and opportunities for trait-informed conservation
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 12. Modern marine conservation using environmental nucleic acids (eDNA and eRNA)
    • Collin J. Closek,1 Louw Claassens, and Helen J. Killeen
    • Methods and state of the science
      • Collection, Extraction, and Amplification
      • Targeting single species or groups
      • Next-generation sequencing of assemblages, communities, and populations
      • Limitations and best practices
    • Application in marine systems
    • Potential eDNA/eRNA applications and technology crossover to serve marine conservation science
    • Bibliography
  • 13. Building the scientific and analytical framework for Dynamic Ocean Management
    • Elliott L. Hazen,1 Briana Abrahms, Hannah Blondin, Kylie Scales and Heather Welch
    • DOM analytical approaches
    • Aggregation and summation
    • Heuristic algorithms
    • Predictive models
    • Synthetic tools
    • Nuts and bolts of Dynamic Ocean Management
    • Future of Dynamic Ocean Management
      • Models as a part of the management toolbox
      • Validation from non-traditional sources
      • Multi-species, multi-stressor, and multi-scale
    • References
  • Linking natural and social science to governance
  • 14. Power, politics, and culture: The human dimensions of marine conservation technology
    • Lekelia D. Jenkins1
    • What is marine conservation technology?
      • History
      • Definition
      • Pitfalls
      • Halfway technology
    • Techno-arrogance and related concepts
    • Unintended consequences
    • Power, politics, culture, and organization
    • Power
    • Politics
    • Culture and organization
    • Marine Social-Ecological-Technological Systems
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 15. Indigenous leadership is essential to conservation: Examples from coastal British Columbia
    • Andrea J. Reid1 and Natalie C. Ban
    • Positionality statement and preface
    • Territorial statement
    • Indigenous-led conservation
    • A reckoning for conservation science
    • Understanding Indigenous science and stewardship
    • Coastal Indigenous stewardship
      • Kitasoo Xai’xais Nation marine governance3
      • Nisga’a Nation salmon stewardship
    • Suppression of Indigenous conservation
    • Supporting Indigenous conservation
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 16. A conservation practitioner’s guide to using a human-rights-based approach: applications in small-scale fisheries
    • Elena M. Finkbeiner,1 Juno Fitzpatrick, Lily Z. Zhao, Gabrielle Lout, Marissa Anne S. Miller, Juan Carlos Jeri, and John N. Kittinger
    • Human rights obligations for actors in the fishing sector
    • The emergence of HRBA in fisheries development and conservation programs
    • The sustainable seafood movement takes on social responsibility and human rights
    • Best practices for conservation practitioners
    • Working with fishers, fishworkers, fishing communities, and representative organizations
    • Working in governance and policy
    • Working with businesses and supply-chain actors
    • Working in funding/financing spheres
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 17. Blue Justice principles for small-scale fisheries in marine protected areas
    • Ratana Chuenpagdee1 and Svein Jentoft
    • The interactive governance perspective
    • Understanding stakeholders as the first order
    • MPAs as the second order
    • Establishing principles as the meta-order
    • Transdisciplinarity for inclusive and just MPAs
    • References
  • Diverse voices foster diverse solutions
  • 18. Advancing youth-led movements for the ocean is essential
    • Daniela Fernandez1
    • My origins in the climate and ocean movement
    • How contemporary governance has failed the ocean
    • Founding a youth-led, ocean-solutions nonprofit
    • The (necessary) activation of youth advocates
    • Investing in a sustainable Blue Economy
    • Youth-led private sector innovation for the ocean
    • What comes next
    • References
  • 19. Recruiting, retaining and championing women, LGBTQ+, and POC researchers in marine conservation
    • Leo C. Gaskins1 and Julia K. Baum
    • The issues
    • Recommended actions to recruit diverse people into marine conservation
      • 1. Decouple candidate idealness from privilege and dismantle financial barriers
      • 2. Empower diverse undergraduate students through safe, accessible field courses
      • 3. Provide equal access for professional advancement
      • 4. Foster a sense of belonging through representation
    • Recommended actions to retain, empower and champion diverse individuals in marine conservation
      • 1. Create a safe environment for diverse marine conservation colleagues
      • 2. Implement policies and practices that foster work-life balance
      • 3. Make conferences safe and welcoming to diverse people
      • 4. Nominate marine conservation researchers from diverse groups for prestigious talks and awards
      • 5. Ensure that professional evaluation metrics value DEI work
    • Conclusions
    • References
  • 20. Building equal partnerships for conservation success
    • Asha de Vos1
    • How can we do better?
      • Before you start: Self-reflection
      • Finding academic collaborators
      • Project design and research permits
      • Building capacity
      • Building trust
      • Give, don’t take
      • Sharing
      • Publishing
      • Driving systemic change: Journals, editors and reviewers
      • Driving systemic change: Funders
      • Driving systemic change: Institutions and societies
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • 21. Diversity in marine science
    • Aliyah Griffith1
    • Transcript
  • 22. The Small Island Developing States (SIDS) science/policy/business nexus
    • Lorna Inniss1
  • 23. Strengthening NGO networks and capacity building for ocean sustainability in China
    • Han Han1
    • Why do we need the Forum?
    • Why do we need to take the first step?
    • What values did the Forum offer?
    • What has been the biggest challenge throughout this journey?
    • It has just begun. See you down the road
  • 24. ConclusionBuilding a new global vision for marine conservation: Inspiration, networking and capacity sharing
    • Larry B. Crowder1
    • Where are the Global Fellows now?
    • Conclusion
    • References
  • Index
  • Contents
    • Landmarks

HTML Outline

    1. Untitled BODY
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      1. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
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    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Contents
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Acknowledgements
        1. Larry B. Crowder
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Foreword
        1. Kai N. Lee
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Navigating our way to solutions in marine conservation: An introduction
        1. Larry B. Crowder1
        2. Acknowledgements
        3. References
        4. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Diverse approaches to species conservation
        1. Biodiversity and species conservation
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 1. Conserving penguins via land and sea protection
        1. Pablo Garcia Borboroglu1 and Laura M. Reyes
        2. Case studies
          1. The power of the social fabric: The Punta Tombo management plan case
          2. When opportunity knocks at your door: A marine protected area for Punta Tombo and the magic of Mickey Mouse
          3. El Pedral: The power of the few
          4. Complejo Islote Lobos National Park: Redefining identity and the sense of ownership in an industrial mining town
        3. Conclusions and lessons learned
        4. References
        5. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 2. Conservation as a marathon vs. a sprint: The race to save critically endangered Nassau grouper in the Bahamas
        1. Krista D. Sherman1
        2. Nassau grouper PSA2
        3. References
        4. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 3. Goliath grouper Epinephelus itajara conservation in Cuba: A protected area, ecotourism and fisheries effort
        1. Fabián Pina Amargós,1 Tamara Figueredo Martín, and Yunier Olivera Espinosa
        2. Information about goliath grouper: quantitative and qualitative
        3. Movements outside the spawning aggregation site
        4. Dynamics at the spawning aggregation site
        5. Fisheries information at the spawning aggregation site
        6. History of goliath grouper conservation in Cuba
        7. Closing remarks
        8. Acknowledgements
        9. Supplementary section
          1. Quantitative data analysis
        10. References
        11. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 4. New approaches to conserving endangered sea turtles
        1. Dana K. Briscoe,1 Bianca S. Santos, Calandra N. Turner Tomaszewicz, and Larry B. Crowder
        2. Innovations: Advancements in technology and monitoring capabilities
          1. Tagging technology and biologging capabilities
          2. Coupling environmental data, ocean physics, and computer simulations to simulate sea turtle movements and strandings
          3. Advanced data collection and computation
          4. Understanding neonate survival from land to sea
        3. Development of novel genetic and molecular techniques
          1. Genomic applications for at-sea life stages
          2. Using chemical tracers
          3. Evolving molecular techniques
        4. Understanding at-sea threats and applications for conservation
          1. Plastic ingestion threats
          2. Bycatch threats and reduction technologies
          3. Decision-support tools and dynamic management approaches
          4. Climate impacts and a changing ocean
        5. Limitations
        6. Conclusions
        7. References
          1. Supplemental Bibliography
          2. Additional References for Sections 1.1 and 1.2
            1. Innovations: Advancements in Technology & Monitoring Capabilities
            2. Tagging technology and biologging capabilities
            3. Coupling environmental data, ocean physics, and computer simulations to simulate sea turtle movements and strandings
        8. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Interdisciplinary approaches to marine ecosystems
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 5. Climate change impacts on the fisheries and aquaculture sectors with a focus on Malaysia
        1. Lubna Alam,1 Mazlin Bin Mokhtar, and Ussif Rashid Sumaila
        2. Climate change impacts on fish species
        3. Climate change impacts on fisheries, food security and livelihoods
        4. Malaysia’s fisheries and aquaculture sectors
        5. Climate change impacts on Malaysia
        6. Climate change impacts and adaptations in the fisheries sector in Malaysia
        7. Conclusion
        8. References
        9. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 6. Mainstreaming voluntary marine conservation programs: Insights from TURF-Reserves
        1. Stefan Gelcich,1 C. Josh Donlan, Benjamin Lagos, Rodrigo Sanchez Grez, and Rodrigo A. Estévez
        2. Niche innovation: TURF-reserve
          1. Enabling conditions
          2. Scalability and sustainability
          3. Mainstreaming and institutionalizing a new program
          4. Application of the heuristic: The Chilean TURF-reserve pilot
        3. Conclusion
        4. Acknowledgements
        5. References
        6. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 7. Leadership in the global commons: Protecting the Ross Sea, Antarctica
        1. Cassandra Brooks1 and John Weller
        2. Positionality statement
        3. Antarctic governance
        4. Increasing threat: Moving towards Southern Ocean MPAs
        5. The Ross Sea
        6. Building consensus
        7. Stepping outside the room
        8. A political window of opportunity
        9. Looking forward
        10. References
        11. Untitled SECTION
    1. 8. Marine spatial planning in the age of climate change
      1. Catarina Frazão Santos,1 Tundi Agardy, and Elena Gissi
      2. Making ocean use truly sustainable
      3. Combined effects of climate change on marine ecosystems, ocean uses and ocean planning
      4. Moving towards adaptive, climate-smart MSP
      5. Final considerations
      6. Acknowledgements
      7. References
      8. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Innovative Pathways to Solutions
    1. 9. Exploring how place connections support sustainability solutions in marine socio-ecological systems
      1. Nicole M. Ardoin,1 Ryan J. O’Connor, Alison W. Bowers
      2. Research on place connections in marine conservation
      3. Tapping into the power of place in marine environments
      4. Implications for research and practice
      5. Conclusion
      6. References
      7. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 10. A brief conservationist’s guide to self-governance with illustrations from small-scale fisheries
        1. Xavier Basurto1
        2. What is—and is not—self-governance
        3. Emergence, robustness, and the configurational nature of self-governance
        4. Incorporating multi-level governance concerns
        5. The motivations to self-govern
        6. Conservation and small-scale fisheries
        7. What are the most dominant forms of self-governance in small-scale fisheries?
        8. Takeaways for conservation science and practice
          1. i. Local users have an unparalleled vantage point to engage in rule-making and management practices well-adapted to the biophysical and cultural setting
          2. ii. Self-organized systems are vulnerable to success and collapse without multi-level institutional support
          3. iii. The form self-governance takes matters for conservation
        9. References
        10. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 11. Trait-based tools aid conservation planning for predator range shifts
        1. Stephanie J. Green1
        2. Causes and consequences of predator range shifts
        3. Forecasting predator redistribution is essential but challenging
        4. Trait-based approaches to predator-prey interactions
        5. Applying trait analyses to predator conservation and management
        6. Case study 1: Anticipating impacts from invasive Indo-Pacific lionfish to inform early detection and population control
        7. Case Study 2: Estimating climate-driven shifts in albacore tuna to inform cross-jurisdictional fisheries management
          1. Case study analysis created with Dr. Miram Gleiber
        8. Challenges and opportunities for trait-informed conservation
        9. Conclusion
        10. References
        11. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 12. Modern marine conservation using environmental nucleic acids (eDNA and eRNA)
        1. Collin J. Closek,1 Louw Claassens, and Helen J. Killeen
        2. Methods and state of the science
          1. Collection, Extraction, and Amplification
          2. Targeting single species or groups
          3. Next-generation sequencing of assemblages, communities, and populations
          4. Limitations and best practices
        3. Application in marine systems
        4. Potential eDNA/eRNA applications and technology crossover to serve marine conservation science
        5. Bibliography
        6. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 13. Building the scientific and analytical framework for Dynamic Ocean Management
        1. Elliott L. Hazen,1 Briana Abrahms, Hannah Blondin, Kylie Scales and Heather Welch
        2. DOM analytical approaches
        3. Aggregation and summation
        4. Heuristic algorithms
        5. Predictive models
        6. Synthetic tools
        7. Nuts and bolts of Dynamic Ocean Management
        8. Future of Dynamic Ocean Management
          1. Models as a part of the management toolbox
          2. Validation from non-traditional sources
          3. Multi-species, multi-stressor, and multi-scale
        9. References
        10. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Linking natural and social science to governance
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 14. Power, politics, and culture: The human dimensions of marine conservation technology
        1. Lekelia D. Jenkins1
        2. What is marine conservation technology?
          1. History
          2. Definition
          3. Pitfalls
          4. Halfway technology
        3. Techno-arrogance and related concepts
        4. Unintended consequences
        5. Power, politics, culture, and organization
        6. Power
        7. Politics
        8. Culture and organization
        9. Marine Social-Ecological-Technological Systems
        10. Conclusion
        11. References
        12. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 15. Indigenous leadership is essential to conservation: Examples from coastal British Columbia
        1. Andrea J. Reid1 and Natalie C. Ban
        2. Positionality statement and preface
        3. Territorial statement
        4. Indigenous-led conservation
        5. A reckoning for conservation science
        6. Understanding Indigenous science and stewardship
        7. Coastal Indigenous stewardship
          1. Kitasoo Xai’xais Nation marine governance3
          2. Nisga’a Nation salmon stewardship
        8. Suppression of Indigenous conservation
        9. Supporting Indigenous conservation
        10. Conclusion
        11. References
        12. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 16. A conservation practitioner’s guide to using a human-rights-based approach: applications in small-scale fisheries
        1. Elena M. Finkbeiner,1 Juno Fitzpatrick, Lily Z. Zhao, Gabrielle Lout, Marissa Anne S. Miller, Juan Carlos Jeri, and John N. Kittinger
        2. Human rights obligations for actors in the fishing sector
        3. The emergence of HRBA in fisheries development and conservation programs
        4. The sustainable seafood movement takes on social responsibility and human rights
        5. Best practices for conservation practitioners
        6. Working with fishers, fishworkers, fishing communities, and representative organizations
        7. Working in governance and policy
        8. Working with businesses and supply-chain actors
        9. Working in funding/financing spheres
        10. Conclusion
        11. References
        12. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 17. Blue Justice principles for small-scale fisheries in marine protected areas
        1. Ratana Chuenpagdee1 and Svein Jentoft
        2. The interactive governance perspective
        3. Understanding stakeholders as the first order
        4. MPAs as the second order
        5. Establishing principles as the meta-order
        6. Transdisciplinarity for inclusive and just MPAs
        7. References
        8. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Diverse voices foster diverse solutions
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      1. 18. Advancing youth-led movements for the ocean is essential
        1. Daniela Fernandez1
        2. My origins in the climate and ocean movement
        3. How contemporary governance has failed the ocean
        4. Founding a youth-led, ocean-solutions nonprofit
        5. The (necessary) activation of youth advocates
        6. Investing in a sustainable Blue Economy
        7. Youth-led private sector innovation for the ocean
        8. What comes next
        9. References
        10. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 19. Recruiting, retaining and championing women, LGBTQ+, and POC researchers in marine conservation
        1. Leo C. Gaskins1 and Julia K. Baum
        2. The issues
        3. Recommended actions to recruit diverse people into marine conservation
          1. 1. Decouple candidate idealness from privilege and dismantle financial barriers
          2. 2. Empower diverse undergraduate students through safe, accessible field courses
          3. 3. Provide equal access for professional advancement
          4. 4. Foster a sense of belonging through representation
        4. Recommended actions to retain, empower and champion diverse individuals in marine conservation
          1. 1. Create a safe environment for diverse marine conservation colleagues
          2. 2. Implement policies and practices that foster work-life balance
          3. 3. Make conferences safe and welcoming to diverse people
          4. 4. Nominate marine conservation researchers from diverse groups for prestigious talks and awards
          5. 5. Ensure that professional evaluation metrics value DEI work
        5. Conclusions
        6. References
        7. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 20. Building equal partnerships for conservation success
        1. Asha de Vos1
        2. How can we do better?
          1. Before you start: Self-reflection
          2. Finding academic collaborators
          3. Project design and research permits
          4. Building capacity
          5. Building trust
          6. Give, don’t take
          7. Sharing
          8. Publishing
          9. Driving systemic change: Journals, editors and reviewers
          10. Driving systemic change: Funders
          11. Driving systemic change: Institutions and societies
        3. Conclusion
        4. References
        5. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 21. Diversity in marine science
        1. Aliyah Griffith1
        2. Transcript
        3. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 22. The Small Island Developing States (SIDS) science/policy/business nexus
        1. Lorna Inniss1
        2. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 23. Strengthening NGO networks and capacity building for ocean sustainability in China
        1. Han Han1
        2. Why do we need the Forum?
        3. Why do we need to take the first step?
        4. What values did the Forum offer?
        5. What has been the biggest challenge throughout this journey?
        6. It has just begun. See you down the road
        7. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. 24. ConclusionBuilding a new global vision for marine conservation: Inspiration, networking and capacity sharing
        1. Larry B. Crowder1
        2. Where are the Global Fellows now?
        3. Conclusion
        4. References
        5. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Index
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Untitled SECTION
    1. Untitled BODY
    1. Untitled BODY
    1. Untitled BODY
      1. Contents
      2. Landmarks

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Images

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Image alt aria-describedby figcaption Location Role
Cover of Navigating Our Way to Solutions in Marine Conservation N/A N/A cover.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/2/2) doc-cover
Open Book Publishers logo N/A N/A title.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container002]/6/2) N/A
Creative Commons logo N/A N/A copyright.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container006]/6/2/2[CC-logo]/2) N/A
Open Access logo N/A N/A copyright.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container006]/6/4/2[CP-logo]/2) N/A
A research diagram categorising types of research into quadrants based on relevance for knowledge advancement and immediate applications, labelled as Pure Basic Research, Use-Inspired Basic Research, and Pure Applied Research. N/A N/A introduction.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container012]/20/2[Container011]/2) N/A
A satellite map of the Argentine coastline, highlighting key Magellanic penguin colonies at locations such as Punta Tombo, El Pedral, and Complejo Islote Lobos. N/A N/A ch1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container022]/14/2[Container015]/2) N/A
A wide landscape photograph of a Magellanic penguin colony at Punta Tombo, Argentina, showing numerous penguins scattered across their nesting area with the ocean in the background. N/A N/A ch1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container022]/34/2[Container016]/2) N/A
A Magellanic penguin chick emerging from its egg, with another chick being sheltered by the adult penguin in the nest, surrounded by natural materials such as grass and twigs. N/A N/A ch1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container022]/46/2[Container017]/2) N/A
A group of Magellanic penguins gathered at a shoreline, some interacting with each other, with the sea glistening in the background under a clear sky. N/A N/A ch1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container022]/70/2[Container018]/2) N/A
Aerial view of a beach showing a colony of penguins gathered on the shore. Some are entering the ocean while others remain in groups on the sandy and pebbly terrain. N/A N/A ch1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container022]/80/2[Container019]/2) N/A
Close-up silhouette of a penguin standing on a rocky beach at sunset, with its beak open as if calling out. Other penguins are visible in the soft-focus background. N/A N/A ch1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container022]/92/2[Container020]/2) N/A
A group of Magellanic penguins standing on a pebble beach near the ocean. The water is calm, and the penguins are in various postures, some preening and others standing upright. N/A N/A ch1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container022]/100/2[Container021]/2) N/A
A map that depicts the Jardines de la Reina archipelago off the southern coast of Cuba, highlighting its geographic extent and key features. It includes the boundaries of the Jardines de la Reina National Park, outlined in orange, and the islands and marine areas within it. The map identifies specific sites with coloured markers: red dots represent non-spawning aggregation sites, while blue dots indicate spawning aggregation sites. An inset map in the upper right corner shows the location of the archipelago in relation to the island of Cuba and the Caribbean Sea. A scale bar and coordinates provide additional spatial context. N/A N/A ch3.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container039]/22/2[Container026]/2) N/A
A man working on a boat during daytime, handling equipment in a mangrove area. He is surrounded by dense vegetation and is partially covered to protect against the elements. N/A N/A ch3.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container039]/34[table002]/4/2/2/2/2[Container027]/2) N/A
A man on a boat untangling and handling fishing lines at night. The deck is scattered with fishing gear and the man is barefoot, wearing casual clothing. N/A N/A ch3.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container039]/34[table002]/4/2/4/2/2[Container028]/2) N/A
A scuba diver swimming alongside a large Goliath grouper fish underwater in a coral reef. The water is a deep blue and the diver is wearing yellow goggles and a breathing apparatus. N/A N/A ch3.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container039]/34[table002]/4/4/2/2/2[Container029]/2) N/A
A man shows an educational poster to two other men, highlighting information about goliath grouper conservation efforts near a harbour setting, with boats and bicycles in the background. N/A N/A ch3.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container039]/34[table002]/4/4/4/2/2[Container030]/2) N/A
A detailed map of Jardines de la Reina archipelago in Cuba, showing non-spawning and spawning aggregation sites for goliath groupers, with bathymetry lines at 20 and 200 metres depth. N/A N/A ch3.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container039]/50/2[Container031]/2) N/A
A bar chart displaying the percentage distribution of goliath grouper size groups across various site types, including non-spawning, spawning visual censuses, and other spawning sites. N/A N/A ch3.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container039]/60/2[Container032]/2) N/A
Two individuals on a boat carefully release a tagged goliath grouper into the water near mangrove vegetation, demonstrating conservation efforts. N/A N/A ch3.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container039]/76[table006]/4/2/2/2/2[Container033]/2) N/A
A large goliath grouper rests on the floor of a fishing boat, highlighting its massive size and distinct markings. N/A N/A ch3.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container039]/76[table006]/4/2/4/2/2[Container034]/2) N/A
A person holds a handful of freshly extracted fish eggs in their hand, presumably from a goliath grouper, showing a reproductive study. N/A N/A ch3.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container039]/76[table006]/4/4/2/2/2[Container035]/2) N/A
A fisherman holds a sturdy fishing gaff hook on a boat, suggesting its use in capturing large marine species such as the goliath grouper. N/A N/A ch3.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container039]/76[table006]/4/4/4/2/2[Container036]/2) N/A
Set of four plots labelled A to D showing diurnal variations, with smoothed curves and shaded confidence intervals, analysing temporal patterns based on hourly data. N/A N/A ch3.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container039]/86/2[Container037]/2) N/A
Line graph showing annual landings (in tons) for Zones A, B, C, D, and total from 1980 to 2010, highlighting significant fluctuations, particularly in total landings. N/A N/A ch3.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container039]/102/2[Container038]/2) N/A
Line graph comparing global fish production trends from 1986 to 2018, categorised by inland capture, inland aquaculture, marine capture, marine aquaculture, human consumption, fish exports, and non-food uses. N/A N/A ch5.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container052]/10/2[Container044]/2) N/A
Bar and line graph showing fish supply in Malaysia from 2000 to 2018, with components such as landing of fish, aquaculture production, deep-sea fishing, inshore fishing, and freshwater production, plotted on dual y-axes. N/A N/A ch5.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container052]/50/2[Container045]/2) N/A
Diagram showing percentage changes in marine landing, freshwater aquaculture, and brackishwater aquaculture production for the years 2013 to 2019, with variations represented using upward and downward arrows. N/A N/A ch5.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container052]/58/2[Container046]/2) N/A
Graph showing trends in the value of marine fish landings, aquaculture production, and the number of fishermen and culturists from 2000 to 2018 in Malaysia, with dual y-axes for monetary value and personnel count. N/A N/A ch5.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container052]/66/2[Container047]/2) N/A
Line graph showing the average annual temperature in degrees Celsius from 2000 to 2020, with a generally increasing trend and year-to-year fluctuations. N/A N/A ch5.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container052]/76/2[Container048]/2) N/A
Line graph showing total annual rainfall in millimetres from 2000 to 2020, with relatively consistent values but a slight declining trend in recent years. N/A N/A ch5.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container052]/78/2[Container049]/2) N/A
Line graph showing mean relative humidity percentages from 2000 to 2020, characterised by notable fluctuations but maintaining a range between approximately 80% and 84%. N/A N/A ch5.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container052]/82/2[Container050]/2) N/A
A flowchart describing climate change impacts on fisheries, adaptation influencing factors, and suggested strategies. Impacts include reduced fishing days and production loss; factors include income and networks; strategies include risk reduction and managed retreat. N/A N/A ch5.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container052]/98/2[Container051]/2) N/A
An infographic depicting the progression from niche innovation to scaling and mainstreaming solutions. Enabling conditions include experimentation and human-centred design, with pressures and leverage points driving transitions. N/A N/A ch6.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container057]/24/2[Container054]/2) N/A
A map of Chile showing benthic landings by bioregion, such as Humboldtian and Chiloeense, with data on total turfs and tonnes landed. Adjacent is a schematic of a marine reserve including no-take zones and TURFs. N/A N/A ch6.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container057]/62/2[Container055]/2) N/A
Images showing community participation in creating marine refuges. Panels illustrate drawing wildlife, divers gathering data, community discussions, officials presenting outcomes, and a poster of a marine refuge map with labelled species. N/A N/A ch6.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container057]/84/2[Container056]/2) N/A
A photo of a signed map of the Ross Sea region with signatures of multiple delegations from CCAMLR, illustrating global collaboration for marine protection. N/A N/A ch7.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container066]/20/2[Container059]/2) N/A
A map of Antarctica showing adopted and proposed marine protected areas (MPAs) under CCAMLR. It highlights krill and toothfish catch limits with visual distinctions for managed and proposed zones. N/A N/A ch7.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container066]/32/2[Container060]/2) N/A
A timeline showing major milestones in the development of the Ross Sea marine protected area (MPA) from 1982 to 2016, with events such as framework adoption and proposal presentation. N/A N/A ch7.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container066]/42/2[Container061]/2) N/A
A collage of Antarctic marine life, including emperor penguins, killer whales, krill, and benthic organisms, highlighting biodiversity within the Southern Ocean ecosystem. N/A N/A ch7.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container066]/52/2[Container062]/2) N/A
A graph showing cumulative percentage agreement over time (2003–2016) regarding CCAMLR members’ endorsement. It categorises countries into early innovators, early allies, mainstream endorsement, and objectors. A legend identifies flags with country names. N/A N/A ch7.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container066]/70/2[Container063]/2) N/A
A diagram illustrating interactions of individuals with science, policy, the public, international relations, and national incentives in shaping decisions. It shows overlapping blue circles with ‘Individuals’ central to all interactions. N/A N/A ch7.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container066]/80/2[Container064]/2) N/A
Collage showing advocacy materials for marine conservation, including posters, magazine pages, and a protest scene with people holding signs and banners to protect the ocean. N/A N/A ch7.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container066]/94/2[Container065]/2) N/A
A Sankey diagram depicting connections between marine issues like acidification, warming, and sea-level rise, with solutions for climate-smart marine spatial planning such as protecting climate refugia and decreasing emissions. N/A N/A ch8.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container072]/38/2[Container068]/2) N/A
Four-panel diagram presenting marine spatial planning scenarios: present situation, climate action, species redistribution, and combined strategies. Each panel illustrates areas designated for aquaculture, marine protection, and renewable energy. N/A N/A ch8.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container072]/46/2[Container069]/2) N/A
Illustrated comic strip highlighting challenges in marine conservation, including species shifting due to climate change and the need for flexible management approaches. N/A N/A ch8.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container072]/50/2[Container070]/2) N/A
Circular infographic on climate-smart marine spatial planning, featuring strategies like modelling tools, risk analysis, dynamic management, and adaptive governance for mitigating climate impacts. N/A N/A ch8.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container072]/70/2[Container071]/2) N/A
Diagram showing interconnected elements of marine conservation, including biophysical and social connections, participation, tacit knowledge, and remade marine places. N/A N/A ch9.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container079]/36/2[Container075]/2) N/A
Three photographs representing participatory governance, participatory methods, and place-based education, highlighting collaborative and experiential approaches in marine conservation. N/A N/A ch9.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container079]/54/2[Container076]/2) N/A
Image split into two panels: (A) showing a group of individuals engaging with technology in a classroom setting. Several men and a woman are using virtual reality headsets or smartphones in a collaborative learning environment. (B) An underwater scene showing a snorkeler in shallow water, observing a coral reef while holding a measuring line and a stick. The snorkeler appears to be engaged in research or monitoring activity near a healthy coral ecosystem. N/A N/A ch9.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container079]/60/2[Container077]/2) N/A
Image split into two panels: (A) A person addressing a group outdoors by a harbour, and (B) individuals exploring tide pools on a rocky coastline. N/A N/A ch9.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container079]/66/2[Container078]/2) N/A
Image of a long pier with a roof, extending over calm water. A person rides a motorbike down the pier, with boats visible in the water alongside. N/A N/A ch10.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container090]/18/2[Container081]/2) N/A
Mosaic depicting two figures in a small boat with fishing nets, surrounded by marine life such as fish and octopuses. N/A N/A ch10.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container090]/26/2[Container082]/2) N/A
Conference room with international delegates seated around a U-shaped table adorned with national flags, participating in a formal discussion. N/A N/A ch10.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container090]/42/2[Container083]/2) N/A
Diagram illustrating assumptions, dimensions, moments, and limits in scaling analysis. Includes questions on assumptions of scale, dimensions of scale, moments of scale enactment, and trade-offs. N/A N/A ch10.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container090]/54/2[Container084]/2) N/A
Small fishing boat with improvised sail made of recycled materials, floating on a calm ocean under a clear blue sky. N/A N/A ch10.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container090]/66/2[Container085]/2) N/A
Ancient amphorae with weathered surfaces and marine encrustations, stacked together, suggesting historical maritime use. N/A N/A ch10.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container090]/70/2[Container086]/2) N/A
Group of fishermen tending to colourful motorised fishing boats docked along a calm harbour on a sunny day. N/A N/A ch10.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container090]/72/2[Container087]/2) N/A
Diver dressed in a wetsuit aboard a small boat, examining freshly collected shellfish with a vast expanse of water in the background. N/A N/A ch10.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container090]/96/2[Container088]/2) N/A
Underwater image of a snorkeller harvesting coral or marine life from a reef, surrounded by vibrant aquatic plants. N/A N/A ch10.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container090]/104/2[Container089]/2) N/A
Diagram of predator range shifts caused by recovery after extirpation, climate change, and biological invasions, mapped across continents. N/A N/A ch11.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container103]/12/2[Container092]/2) N/A
Conservation framework diagram with fisheries management, habitat restoration, protected area design, and invasive species management encircling predator range shifts. N/A N/A ch11.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container103]/24/2[Container093]/2) N/A
A flow diagram shows how prey traits affect predation vulnerability, progressing through stages: “Prey abundance,” “Encountered,” “Attacked,” “Captured,” and “Prey consumed.” Traits like habitat use, defences, body size, and behaviour influence each stage. A red dashed arrow loops back from “Prey consumed” to “Prey abundance,” indicating feedback. N/A N/A ch11.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container103]/40/2[Container094]/2) N/A
A scuba diver is underwater, wearing a wetsuit and scuba gear, holding a clipboard and writing or observing. In the foreground, a lionfish with striking striped patterns and long, spiny fins swims among seagrass and coral. The water is clear, with a greenish-blue hue. N/A N/A ch11.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container103]/62/2[Container095]/2) N/A
An underwater photograph of a striped lionfish, with its long venomous spines prominently displayed, and a smaller fish nearby in the dark marine environment. N/A N/A ch11.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container103]/70/2[Container096]/2) N/A
QR code linking to online video N/A N/A ch11.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container103]/72[table009]/4/2/4/2/2) N/A
A map of the Caribbean Sea and surrounding regions, including the Gulf of Mexico, the Western Atlantic Ocean, and the Eastern Pacific Ocean. The map highlights biodiversity hotspots using coloured circles, with a legend indicating the number of species. Blue represents areas with 1 species, green for 2–4 species, orange for 5–10 species, and red for 11–17 species. The highest species richness (red) is concentrated along the northern coast of South America and parts of Central America. Other areas, such as the Gulf of Mexico and parts of the Caribbean islands, show lower species richness (blue and green). N/A N/A ch11.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container103]/76/2[Container098]/2) N/A
A large school of bluefin tuna swimming in deep blue waters. The fish have sleek, torpedo-shaped bodies with distinctive dark blue colouring on top, silvery sides, and prominent forked tails. They are swimming in a coordinated formation against a deep azure ocean background. N/A N/A ch11.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container103]/88/2[Container099]/2) N/A
A series of 10 maps showing the west coast of North America from 2010 to 2019, displaying the “Mean Yumminess Index” along coastal areas. The index is visualised through a colour gradient from light beige to dark brown, with values ranging from 2 to 6. Each map shows latitude from 30° to 50° North and longitude around 120° West, focusing on coastal measurements. N/A N/A ch11.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container103]/98/2[Container100]/2) N/A
A graph showing three different patterns of prey trait probability in predator diet across environmental temperature changes from cold to warm conditions. The patterns are labelled as “Conserved” (a stable horizontal line), “Switching” (a wavy dashed line showing regular oscillation), and “Random” (an irregular dotted line). The background features a gradient of blue to red colours representing cold to warm temperatures. The graph demonstrates how prey traits may remain stable, switch predictably, or vary randomly as environmental conditions change. N/A N/A ch11.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container103]/110/2[Container101]/2) N/A
The image contains four panels, each focusing on a different marine species and their conservation context. Each panel includes a species image, its scientific name, and detailed information under the following headings: “Issue,” “Region,” “Context,” “Conservation lens,” and “Trait lens.” N/A N/A ch11.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container103]/124/2[Container102]/2) N/A
A line graph showing the number of academic publications containing both “marine” and “eDNA” from 2011 to 2021. The trend shows minimal publications (under 5) from 2011-2015, followed by a steady increase from 2016-2018, and then a sharp rise from 2019-2021, reaching approximately 145 publications in 2021. N/A N/A ch12.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container109]/24/2[Container105]/2) N/A
An infographic showing environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis workflow divided into three sections: Field (green), Laboratory (grey), and Computation (red). The process begins with collecting seawater using a Niskin bottle, filtering it through a 0.2 μm PVDF filter, extracting DNA using Qiagen DNeasy, amplifying 12S rRNA and sequencing with MiFish_U & Illumina MiSeq Paired-End, and finally identifying target marine vertebrates using BLASTN. DNA/RNA molecules and genetic sequences are illustrated throughout, with fish silhouettes shown as the final output. N/A N/A ch12.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container109]/44/2[Container106]/2) N/A
An illustration showing marine data collection and transmission. A research vessel and yellow submarine collect DNA samples from fish populations in the ocean. Data is relayed via a buoy station to a satellite, which transmits to a coastal receiving station with satellite dish and laboratory building. The system shows genetic code sequences being transmitted between points, represented by text boxes reading ‘ACTGGTAACT’. The scene features a light blue sky, dark blue ocean, and stylised fish. N/A N/A ch12.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container109]/82[table010]/4/2/2/2/2[Container107]/2) N/A
A conceptual diagram illustrating a marine ecosystem and its monitoring technologies. The image features a blue ocean with various elements, including a ship, a drone, a satellite, a buoy, a yellow underwater vehicle, and a person on a surfboard. These elements are connected by dotted lines representing data transmission. Labels highlight key components: “Endangered species” (depicted by a shark), “Harmful algae” (a green spiral), and “Pathogen” (an orange microorganism). A satellite dish and a building onshore receive data, with icons showing species and environmental data. The visual style uses simple icons and bright colours to convey threats and monitoring in the marine environment. N/A N/A ch12.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container109]/82[table010]/4/2/4/2/2[Container108]/2) N/A
Four-panel image showing marine conservation efforts: a leatherback turtle being rescued, a net-entangled marine animal, whale skin detail, and a whale rescue operation with an orange boat. N/A N/A ch13.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container118]/10/2[Container111]/2) N/A
A flowchart illustrating marine conservation management, showing how ocean data, animal tracking, and human activity data combine to inform dynamic protected areas and real-time management decisions. N/A N/A ch13.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container118]/16/2[Container112]/2) N/A
A comprehensive marine data visualisation displays three adjacent panels showing different aspects of coastal analysis along the eastern United States. The left panel presents a gridded map of the northeastern coast with alphanumeric coordinates and green-shaded cells containing values, whilst the centre panel features an “EcoCast Experimental Product” heatmap indicating fishing suitability using a blue-to-red colour gradient. The right panel depicts an “Encounter Risk” assessment map of the Delaware region, utilising a traffic-light colour scheme to demonstrate low (green), medium (yellow), and high (red) risk areas for marine encounters on 17 January 2021. N/A N/A ch13.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container118]/26/2[Container113]/2) N/A
A table summarising different bycatch avoidance tools with rows showing attributes such as protected species, target species or activity, predictors, timescale, and sources for tools like SMAST Bycatch Avoidance and EcoCast. N/A N/A ch13.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container118]/30/6/2[Container114]/2) N/A
The image illustrates whale monitoring and habitat prediction across three sections. Section (a) shows maps of whale occurrence likelihood and predicted numbers along the U.S. west coast, using a colour gradient from blue (low) to red (high). Sections (b) and (c) display a probability map for blue whale presence and a detailed coastal map with whale sightings and marine traffic data, respectively. N/A N/A ch13.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container118]/52/2[Container115]/2) N/A
The image consists of three panels (a, b, and c) displaying spatial data along the western coast of the United States. Panel (a) shows a map with a dense distribution of red and blue points, representing data across latitudes (30° to 45°) and longitudes (−126° to −117°). An inset map highlights the region of interest within the United States. Panels (b) and (c) are scatter plots focusing on specific seasons: winter/spring (b) and summer/fall (c). These panels display data points colour-coded by source, including CalCOFI (red), CINC (orange), NMFS Cruise (green), PointBlue (cyan), SAMSAP Survey (blue), SpotterProData (pink), SWFSC (purple), and WhaleAlertData (yellow). The grey landmass represents the coastline, and the data points are distributed offshore. N/A N/A ch13.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container118]/82/2[Container116]/2) N/A
An illustration showing anthropogenic pressures on marine ecosystems, including shipping, wind farms, fishing, military activities, and other human interventions affecting marine biodiversity. N/A N/A ch13.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container118]/98/6/2[Container117]/2) N/A
A diagram from Pacey 1983 showing conservation technology’s broader meaning, including cultural, organisational, and technical components, and its restricted meaning focusing only on the technical component. Solid and dotted arrows illustrate the relationships between these elements. N/A N/A ch14.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container124]/22/2[Container121]/2) N/A
The image shows two triangular diagrams comparing Marine Conservation Technologies (MCTs) and Technological Marine Conservation Systems (TMCSs), each with three components: Cultural, Technical, and Organizational. In MCTs, the Technical Component has a “primary, inherent conservation function” whilst in TMCSs, the Organizational Component contains an “endemic conservation function”, with both diagrams connected by dotted lines between their components. N/A N/A ch14.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container124]/34/2[Container122]/2) N/A
This diagram illustrates the interconnected relationship between three key components of socio-ecological-technological systems (SETS): social components (in green), technological components (in orange), and ecological components (in blue). The social components include aspects like governance and institutions, whilst technological components encompass infrastructure and energy systems, and ecological components cover ecosystem health and biodiversity. Arrows between the components demonstrate bi-directional interactions, with explanatory text describing how technological systems depend on ecological resources whilst also being the primary means of ecological damage, and how ecological systems provide resources for the social system. N/A N/A ch14.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container124]/130/2[Container123]/2) N/A
This illustration depicts principles of reciprocal relationships in nature, set against a scenic mountain and forest backdrop with a flowing river. The image shows two figures: one standing on a wooden platform with a pole, and another sitting on rocks by the water, surrounded by text principles including “Ask permission,” “Take only what you need,” “Listen for the answer,” and “Be grateful.” The artwork emphasises Indigenous wisdom about sustainable resource use and respectful interaction with nature, rendered in a muted colour palette of blues, greens, and greys. N/A N/A ch15.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container130]/22/2[Container126]/2) N/A
This circular diagram illustrates the components of Indigenous Knowledge and Traditional Ecological Knowledge within Indigenous Science. The centre contains concentric circles labelled “Traditional Ecological Knowledge” and “Indigenous Knowledge,” surrounded by five segments connected by golden ribbons labelled “Law,” “Language,” “Story,” “Ceremony,” and “Practice.” Each segment features detailed illustrations of traditional activities like fishing with poles, drying salmon, and performing ceremonies near water, all depicted in an artistic style with earthy colours and Pacific Northwest Indigenous aesthetics. N/A N/A ch15.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container130]/40/2[Container127]/2) N/A
A map showing “The Great Bear Rainforest” along the coast of British Columbia, Canada. Several Indigenous place names are marked, including Laxgalts’ap, Gingolx, Gitwinksihlkw, Gitlaxt’aamiks, and Klemtu. Two inset maps in the bottom left show the location within North America and British Columbia, with the rainforest region highlighted in red along the Pacific coast. N/A N/A ch15.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container130]/52/2[Container128]/2) N/A
This illustration shows a fish wheel, a traditional fishing apparatus positioned on a riverbank with evergreen forest in the background. The structure features labelled components including baskets (large netted wheels), a holding pen, and a trough, while three workers in high-visibility gear operate the mechanism from a platform. A small boat is moored alongside the wheel, and the water shows visible current patterns flowing past the installation. N/A N/A ch15.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container130]/74/2[Container129]/2) N/A
The image titled “Human Rights Violations in Fisheries” is divided into two sections, each with an icon and explanatory text. The first section, labelled “1. Violation of Civil & Political Rights,” features an icon of people tied together on a fishing vessel and describes abuses such as discrimination, inhumane treatment, forced labour, and denial of workers’ rights to organise. The second section, labelled “2. Violation of Economic, Social & Cultural Rights,” shows an icon of a fishing boat with a net and a person fishing, explaining how foreign fleets overfishing in developing countries’ Exclusive Economic Zones undermine livelihoods, economic viability, and food security. N/A N/A ch16.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container135]/26/2[Container132]/2) N/A
The image is a timeline summarising the emergence of a human rights-based approach (HRBA) in fisheries development and conservation programmes. It highlights key milestones, starting from the 1990s with the recognition of global inequities in conservation and development, to the 2020s with the revision of guidelines to include human and labour rights. Key events include the formation of the Conservation Alliance for Seafood Solutions in 2008, the adoption of the FAO’s Voluntary Guidelines for Small-Scale Fisheries in 2014, and the development of the Monterey Framework in 2017. N/A N/A ch16.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container135]/42/2[Container133]/2) N/A
The image is a table titled “Unpacking a Human Rights-Based Approach (HRBA).” It summarises actions that conservation NGOs can take when engaging key actors to implement, standardise, and institutionalise a human rights-based approach in fisheries. The table is divided into four rows, each representing a category of actors: fishers, fishing communities, and civil society organisations; governments and policymakers; businesses and supply chain actors; and funders. Each row lists specific actions tailored to the respective actor group, such as promoting procedural equity, encouraging policy coherence, building awareness of human rights, and prioritising HRBA in funding opportunities. N/A N/A ch16.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container135]/72/2[Container134]/2) N/A
This hierarchical diagram illustrates the Blue Justice principles for small-scale fisheries in marine protected areas across three orders: third (meta-) order focusing on norms/principles, second order examining institutions/rules, and first order addressing actions/interactions. The diagram shows both “trickle up” and “trickle down” effects between these levels, with corresponding questions about how each level impacts small-scale fisheries (SSF) governance and stakeholder relationships. N/A N/A ch17.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container138]/32/2[Container137]/2) N/A
A group of four divers in a shallow tropical sea, dressed in wetsuits and scuba gear, having a discussion near the shoreline with tall palm trees and a cloudy sky in the background. N/A N/A ch21.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container149]/8/2[Container147]/2) N/A
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An indoor scene of the 2019 China Ocean NGO Forum, where a large group of people is gathered in front of a blue presentation screen with Chinese and English text, highlighting ocean conservation efforts. N/A N/A ch23.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container155]/8/2[Container153]/2) N/A
QR code linking to online video N/A N/A ch23.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container155]/10[table012]/4/2/4/2/2) N/A
The image shows a map with a focus on the oceanic terrain, highlighting underwater features such as ridges, trenches, and basins in varying shades of blue. The landmasses are depicted in light beige, while the oceans dominate the map with detailed bathymetric contours. N/A N/A bibliography.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container159]/10/2[Container157]/2) N/A
A global map highlighting the distribution of Global Fellows in Marine Conservation by Duke University (1998-2019), colour-coded by the number of fellows in each country. N/A N/A bibliography.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container159]/24/2[Container158]/2) N/A
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featured book cover N/A N/A further-reading.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container177]/4/4/2[Container170]/2) N/A
featured book cover N/A N/A further-reading.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container177]/6/4/2[Container172]/2) N/A
featured book cover N/A N/A further-reading.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container177]/8/4/2[Container174]/2) N/A
featured book cover N/A N/A further-reading.xhtml#epubcfi(/4[Crowder-0395]/2[Container177]/10/4/2[Container176]/2) N/A
Back cover of Navigating Our Way to Solutions in Marine Conservation N/A N/A back-cover.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/2/2) N/A

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